Abstract
The astonishing outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, known as COVID-19, has attracted numerous research interests, particularly regarding fabricating antimicrobial surface coatings. This initiative is aimed at overcoming and minimizing viral and bacterial transmission to the human. When contaminated droplets from an infected individual land onto common surfaces, SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is able to survive on various surfaces for up to 9 days. Thus, the possibility of virus transmission increases after touching or being in contact with contaminated surfaces. Herein, we aim to provide overviews of various types of antiviral and antimicrobial coating agents, such as antimicrobial polymer-based coating, metal-based coating, functional nanomaterial, and nanocomposite-based coating. The action mode for each type of antimicrobial agent against pathogens is elaborated. In addition, surface properties of the designed antiviral and antimicrobial polymer coating with their influencing factors are discussed in this review. This paper also exhibits several techniques on surface modification to improve surface properties. Various developed research on the development of antiviral/antimicrobial polymer coating to curb the COVID-19 pandemic are also presented in this review.
Highlights
Antimicrobial coatings generally refer to surfaces that contain antimicrobial agents that can inhibit the growth of microorganisms on surfaces
In response to the COVID-19 outbreak, the development of an antimicrobial surface coating is one of the best preventive solutions to mitigate the spread of this SARS-CoV-2 virus
Various types of antimicrobial agents such as antimicrobial polymers, metal-based antimicrobial agents, and antimicrobial nanoparticles have been developed as replacements to conventional antibiotic compounds
Summary
Antimicrobial coatings generally refer to surfaces that contain antimicrobial agents that can inhibit the growth of microorganisms on surfaces. A regular surface disinfection process could be performed using sodium hypochlorite (0.1%), hydrogen peroxide (0.5%), and ethanol (62–71%); the risk of virus transmission remains [17] Concerning this problem, the generation of new, self-disinfecting surfaces or antimicrobial surface coatings may contribute to controlling the indirect transmission of COVID-19. Most researchers have focused on developing antimicrobial coatings based on antimicrobial polymers and nanocomposites [19] This is because polymer composites have been widely used for many objects and surfaces, such as medical devices in the healthcare sector, an improvement in the antimicrobial activity of polymer composites against various pathogens and viruses could be useful in fighting against COVID-19.
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