Passive Localization Countermeasure Based on Frequency Diverse Array

Abstract

Passive localization technology is an integral part of electronic warfare. However, most methods for countering passive localization systems, such as radio frequency stealth and electronic interference, have limitations. This paper proposes a new passive localization countermeasure method based on Frequency Diverse Array (FDA). The unique beam scanning property reduces dwell time at a certain azimuth direction, making it difficult for a passive localization system to intercept FDA signals for a long time. In contrast, the time-varying characteristics of the FDA considerably reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal, increasing the difficulty in accurately detecting the localization information of the radiation source. Thus, using this new technology, the electronic system platform can perceive the external environment through the signals radiated by the FDA antenna while deceiving the enemy’s passive localization system. Both theoretical analysis and numerical results showed that FDA transmitted signal achieved significantly better localization countermeasure performance in direction finding by an interferometer, frequency difference of arrival, and time difference of arrival, which are particularly useful for a new generation of electronic systems with reconnaissance detection and passive localization countermeasures capability.