Abstract
Step-in latencies and the proportion of time spent outside the shock situation were measured for three groups of rats. One group had received shock on stepping into the shock chamber, and had been allowed to escape the shock chamber. A yoked control group received the same number of shocks after being placed directly into the shock chamber. Escape was not permitted for these Ss. The final group had received no shock. Both shock groups differed reliably from the nonshocked group on both response measures. Differences between the two shocked groups were not significant. The results were interpreted as indicating that punishment of specific responses is not necessary for step-in passive avoidance performance.
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