Particulate matter trends and quantification of the spring sand-dust contribution in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, from 2013 to 2017

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Abstract On 10 September 2013, the State Council promulgated the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan). To study the variations in the air pollutant concentrations in Hohhot during the implementation of the Action Plan and the effects of various measures, the daily concentrations of air pollutants (fine particulate matter (PM2.5), inhalable PM (PM10), SO2, and NO2) in Hohhot published by the China Environmental Monitoring Station were obtained to analyze the general meteorological conditions in Inner Mongolia from 2013 to 2017. The variations and causes of the ambient PM concentration in Hohhot were examined, and the quantitative influence of sandstorms on the ambient PM concentration in Hohhot was analyzed by selecting the spring season with frequent sandstorms as an example. The results showed the following. (1) The air quality in Hohhot continuously improved, and compared with those in 2013, the PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations decreased by 24.6% and 48.2%, respectively, in 2017. However, the air pollutant concentrations remained high, with the average PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations exceeding the national secondary standards by 22.9% and 35.7%, respectively. (2) The reductions in the spring PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were 5.6% and 8.9%, respectively, and the annual decreases in the PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were 3.6 and 15.1 µg m−3 yr−1, respectively, from 2013 to 2017. (3) The absolute contribution ranges of dust weather to the concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and TSP during 2013–17 were 0.6–5.2 µg m−3, 9.0–16.9 µg m−3, and 14.7–30.0 µg m−3, respectively, in Hohhot during the spring. 摘要 2013年9月国务院颁布了《大气污染防治行动计划》.研究其实施前后呼和浩特市大气污染物浓度变化及及原因;同时, 分析了春季沙尘天气对于呼和浩特市大气环境颗粒物浓度的定量影响.结果表明:呼和浩特市大气环境质量持续改善, 但大气污染物浓度仍然较高.PM2.5和PM10年均浓度分别超过国家二级标准22.9%和35.7%;2013–2017年春季PM2.5和PM10浓度降幅较大, 沙尘天气对呼和浩特市PM2.5, PM10, 和TSP浓度的绝对贡献范围分别在0.6–5.2 µg m−3, 9.0–16.9 µg m−3 和 14.7–30.0 µg m−3.