Particulate Matter Emissions during Engine Start-Up

Abstract

Taking into account the continuous tightening of regulations limiting emissions of harmful compounds in the exhaust gas, it is essential to recognize the cause of such emissions and eliminate or reduce them [1, 2, 7, 8]. It is believed that one of these reasons is insufficient warm up of the engine, occurring primarily during cold start. Limits for emission of harmful compounds in the exhaust gas are forcing manufacturers to shorten the cold phase and at the same time to reduce the percentage share of emissions during cold start in the total emission of harmful substances emitted by the engine. Engine start-up and warm-up periods fall within the range of the tests currently in force, defining the amount of emissions of toxic compounds in exhaust gas. The amount of the emissions from these periods, due to the lack of the efficient operation of the exhaust gas purification systems (below 300°C), has a significant share in the final results of driving tests.