Abstract
Particle-in-cell simulations are performed to analyze the efficiency, output power and leakage currents in a 12-Cavity, 12-Cathode rising-sun magnetron with diffraction output (MDO). The central goal is to conduct a parameter study of a rising-sun magnetron that comprehensively incorporates performance enhancing features such as transparent cathodes, axial extraction, the use of endcaps, and cathode extensions. Our optimum results demonstrate peak output power of about 2.1 GW, with efficiencies of ∼70% and low leakage currents at a magnetic field of 0.45 Tesla, a 400 kV bias with a single endcap, for a range of cathode extensions between 3 and 6 centimeters.
Highlights
Relativistic magnetrons are among the most powerful, compact, efficient, and low cost sources of microwave radiation,[1,2,3,4,5] capable of high output power (GW-class) with applications over a wide range of frequencies.[6,7,8] Several techniques have been reported and discussed for improving the microwave power output and efficiency of multicavity magnetrons
Finding an optimized geometry for the anode block of the rising sun magnetron was the initial step in the overall process of evaluating the parameter space through numerical simulations
Particle-in-cell simulation results for the 12 cavities, 12 cathodes rising sun magnetron with diffraction output (MDO) without any endcap for these two different geometries of the anode block are depicted in Figs. 3 and 4
Summary
Relativistic magnetrons are among the most powerful, compact, efficient, and low cost sources of microwave radiation,[1,2,3,4,5] capable of high output power (GW-class) with applications over a wide range of frequencies.[6,7,8] Several techniques have been reported and discussed for improving the microwave power output and efficiency of multicavity magnetrons. In relativistic magnetrons with radial output, it has been shown that frequency can be stabilized by partial reflection of the generated microwave power.[32] In any case, the MDO can directly radiate TE31, TE01, or even the TE11 mode which is known to have the best radiation pattern,[27] based on the numbers of cavities tapered onto the antenna For this configuration, the use of a cathode endcap with a dielectric coating that is extended downstream of the interaction space, helps reduce leakage currents, thereby weakening the potential for window breakdown[33] from electron bombardment that can be deleterious.
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