Abstract
Heavy-ion collisions at low beam energies explore the high density regime of strongly-interacting matter. The dynamical evolution of these collisions can be successfully described by hadronic transport approaches. In March 2019, the HADES collaboration has taken data for AgAg collisions at $E_{\rm Kin}=1.58A$ GeV and in this work, we provide predictions for particle production and spectra within the Simulating Many Accelerated Strongly-interacting Hadrons (SMASH) approach. The multiplicities and spectra of strange and non-strange particles follow the expected trends as a function of system size. In particular, in AuAu collisions, much higher yields of double-strange baryons were observed experimentally than expected from a thermal model. Therefore, we incorporate a previously suggested mechanism to produce $\Xi$ baryons via rare decays of high mass $N^*$ resonances and predict the multiplicities. In addition, we predict the invariant mass spectrum for dilepton emission and explore the most important sources of dileptons above 1 GeV, that are expected to indicate the temperature of the medium. Interestingly, the overall dilepton emission is very similar to the one in AuAu collisions at $1.23 A$ GeV, a hint that the smaller system at a higher energy behaves very similar to the larger system at lower beam energy.
Highlights
Studying the phase diagram of QCD, the fundamental field theory of the strong interaction, is one of the major goals of heavy-ion research
In March 2019, the HADES Collaboration took data for AgAg collisions at EKin = 1.58A GeV, and in this work we provide predictions for particle production and spectra within the Simulating Many Accelerated Strongly interacting Hadrons (SMASH) approach
To understand the effects of nuclear mean fields the ratio of the SMASH results with and without potentials in central AgAg collisions at EKin = 1.58A GeV has been calculated in Fig. 2 for all particle species
Summary
Studying the phase diagram of QCD, the fundamental field theory of the strong interaction, is one of the major goals of heavy-ion research. Transport models are successfully employed to reproduce hadron and dilepton production [4,5,6,7,12], especially to establish a baseline calculation based on vacuum resonance properties. Another approach is the so-called thermal model, which is based on a (grand-)canonical fit to experimental measurements of particle yields, as for example realized in [13]. The predictions are based on a constraint of the decay probabilities from experimental data from elementary reactions, which is verified by comparisons to existing experimental data for ArKCl collisions Comparison of those predictions with the upcoming data will allow us to further constrain the viability of the production from high mass resonances. The different lepton pair contributions for this region are investigated
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