Particle–fluid two phase modeling of electro-magneto hydrodynamic pulsatile flow of Jeffrey fluid in a constricted tube under periodic body acceleration

Abstract

The present article investigates the combined role of electric and magnetic fields on the pulsatile flow of Jeffrey fluid (blood) with the suspension of particles (blood cells) in a stenosed artery under the influence of external periodic body acceleration. The Debye–Hückel linearization principle is invoked by assuming the zeta potential on the vessel wall is very small, and the coupled non-linear governing equations which comprise the continuity and momentum conservation equations for the fluid phase and particle phase are simplified by using dimensional analysis under the mild stenosis approximation. The closed-form solutions for electric potential, velocity profiles of both fluid and particle, volumetric flux, skin friction, and the flow resistance are derived in terms of Bessel functions by employing Laplace and Hankel transforms under the appropriate initial and boundary conditions. The influence of some evolving physical parameters like pulsatile Reynolds number, the amplitude of blood flow, Jeffrey parameter, hematocrit, body acceleration amplitude, phase angle, Hartmann number, and electro-osmotic parameter on velocity profiles, skin friction, and resistance to flow were shown graphically and debated concisely. The analysis reveals that the flow of blood in a stenosed duct is substantially influenced by the appropriate strength of externally applied electric and magnetic fields. The study further demonstrates that wall shear stress attenuates as the Jeffrey parameter increases, whereas the reverse trend is noticed with the concentration of blood cells. Moreover, it is worth mentioning that the increment in electric field intensity (i.e., decreasing Debye length) causes a reduction in the skin friction and impedance to flow, which, in turn, aids in improving the flow of blood under diseased conditions.