Parni, motorni i električni mlinovi na teritoriji današnje opštine Čukarica u periodu 1918-1948. godine

Abstract

This work covers one aspect of the industrial heritage of Belgrade and its surroundings, specifically steam- and motor-driven (powered by petroleum, oil or electricity) industrial mills, which were some of the few purpose-built industrial facilities in the settlements situated around Belgrade's periphery. This paper deals with mills in the settlements that today make up the City Municipality of Čukarica: Železnik, Žarkovo, Umka, Rucka, Rušanj, Pećani, Ostružnica, Velika Moštanica and Stara Čukarica. Nevertheless, some of these settlements also had other and significantly larger industrial facilities, such as knitwear and cardboard factories in Umka, and several factories in Stara Čukarica, including those for sugar and leather. The work is chronologically limited to the period from 1918 to 1948, and has been produced by compiling, cross-referencing and systematizing several types of historical sources, such as original archival materials, newspaper articles, oral histories and fieldwork alongside, of course, literature of relevance to the topic. A number of these mills continued to work even after the end of the Second World War, albeit under state ownership, while the others ceased work over time, were repurposed, or were completely destroyed.