Parasitic contamination of environmental objects of the Astrakhan Region with helminths and protozoa for 2017–2021

Abstract

The sanitary and parasitological state of environmental objects of the Astrakhan region in 2017–2021 was studied. A total of 3334 samples from environmental objects were selected and examined, of which 118 samples (3.5 %) did not comply with regulatory documents — eggs and larvae of helminths were detected in these samples. Soil studies accounted for the largest share of all studies — 71.2 % (2373 samples), of which 4.4 % (105 samples) did not meet sanitary and parasitological indicators. The share of water studies accounted for 10.2 % (341 samples) of all the samples studied. Unsatisfactory findings in water amounted to 2.3 % (8 samples). Water samples were taken from the distribution network of centralized water supply and from open surface reservoirs. The results of the study revealed the relationship between the frequency of detection of eggs and larvae of specific parasites in environmental objects (water, soil) and the morbidity of the population. In addition, signs of underestimation of cases of strongyloidosis in the population of the Astrakhan region were revealed, which is confirmed by the high frequency of detection of larvae of this parasite in environmental objects in the complete absence of detected diseases. In order to prevent the spread of parasitosis in the Astrakhan region, it is necessary to strengthen control over the treatment of drinking water, conduct extensive explanatory work with the population and medical personnel on the clinic, diagnosis and prevention of parasitosis.