Abstract
Semi-empirical transition probabilities for magnetic dipole (M1) and electric quadrupole (E2) emission lines have been derived from parametric studies of experimental energy levels in Tm3+ (Tm IV), Yb4+ (Yb V), and Er3+ (Er IV), using Cowan codes. Results are compared with those existing from ab initio calculations or from more sophisticated semi-empirical calculations. Satisfactory agreements show that simple parametric calculations can provide good predictions on line intensities, provided that experimental levels are available, allowing reliable fits of energy parameters.
Highlights
The radiative properties of lanthanide ions have since long attracted interest because of the numerous applications of these ions in solid-state laser materials, photonics, or the lighting industry
The main purpose of our present work is to explore the reliability of semi-empirical forbidden (M1 and E2) transition probabilities that we may derive from our spectral analyses of allowed transitions in a rather simple way by using Cowan codes; in particular, for the recently analyzed Er IV spectrum
The good agreement between our results and the results of existing ab initio and semi-empirical calculations in Tm IV and Yb V allow for confidence in the first parametric calculations for Er IV
Summary
The radiative properties of lanthanide ions have since long attracted interest because of the numerous applications of these ions in solid-state laser materials, photonics, or the lighting industry (see [1] and references therein for example). Radiative transitions were observed in doped crystals or in solution with small displacements relative to free ions, and their interpretation was helped by the knowledge of free ion structures and transition probabilities [2,3]. Telescope observations of spectra of chemically peculiar stars show the presence of lanthanide ions up to doubly charged stages (see [4] for example). Simultaneously observed emissions of electromagnetic waves and gravitational waves during two neutron stars merging increased the interest for radiative properties of higher charged lanthanide ions [5,6]. Systematic comparison of variation trends in energy parameters along isoelectronic or isoionic sequences is a necessary help
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