Parameters of the seed output device of the ergot isolation machine

Viktor Saitov,Aleksey Saitov,Vyacheslav Farafonov,V. Breskich,S. Uvarova

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202124403015

Abstract

Grains of rye, wheat, barley and oats are often infected with poisonous ergot fungi. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the grain from harmful impurities. Modern machines do not provide the isolation of ergot sclerotia from grain due to the closeness of their properties in terms of air flow rate and linear dimensions. Cleaning seeds from ergot sclerotia, which have a density lower than the density of the grain, is possible in an aqueous solution of salt. When developing such a machine, research is required to study the residence time of grain in an aqueous salt solution. Grains are considered in the form of a transverse cylinder and an elongated ellipsoid of rotation with numerical values of the parameters: density ρz = 1.2…1.5∙103 kg/m3, length lz = 5.0…10.0∙10-3 m, width b = 1.4…3.6∙10-3 m and thickness δ = 1.2…3.5∙10-3 m. Theoretical studies were carried out on the basis of methods of mathematical modeling, classical mechanics using the laws of hydrodynamics. It was found that when using in the machine for the isolation of toxic ergot sclerotia from the grain of an aqueous solution of salt with a density ρzh = 1000…1150 kg/m3 and a height h1 = 0.35…0.60 m in a bath, the total time ttotal of seeds residence varies within 7.6…18.8 s. During this time, the seeds are moistened superficially, to eliminate which it is enough to blow them under the pressure of atmospheric air.

Highlights

The grain of the main grain crops is the oldest human food and feed for farm animals
When the conveyor 2 moves rye seeds in the unloading direction, the aqueous salt solution from them flows down the sloped bottom back into the bath 1 through the gap Δ between the working the edge of the scrapers 5 and the bottom
The length of the bottom of the bath with an aqueous solution of salt under the conveyor for removing rye seeds is determined by the formula:

Summary

Introduction

The grain of the main grain crops (rye, wheat, barley and oats) is the oldest human food and feed for farm animals. Cereals such as winter rye, wheat, barley and oats are often infected with poisonous ergot fungi [1, 2]. After threshing the grain mass with these combines, due to the imperfection of their cleaning mechanism, the grain heap contains grain, organic and mineral impurities, as well as harmful impurities, which include poisonous ergot sclerotia [6, 7, 8]. To obtain grain suitable for food, technical and seed purposes, the separation of various impurities from the grain heap is carried out by machines of preliminary, primary and secondary cleaning [9,10,11,12]

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Conclusion