Abstract
To investigate and compare macroscopically and histologically the reconstructed articular surface of a focal defect of the right femoral head treated with subchondral drilling or autologous osteochondral transplantation in rabbits A 2,5 mm diameter and 3 mm depth iatrogenic osteochondral defect in the anterolateral weight bearing area of the right femoral head was created in 12 rabbits. Autologous osteochondral transplantation was performed in a group of 6 rabbits. Donor site was the lateral condyle of the ipsilateral knee joint. The other group of 6 rabbits was treated with subchondral drilling. Both groups were sacrificed and evaluated histologically under the classification system of the ICRS after 6 weeks. For statistical analysis we used the Mann – Wittney test According to the ICRS, score statistical significance favoring the osteochondral transplantation was found in all variables between the 2 groups: articular surface (p=0,049), matrix (p=0,003), cell distribution (p< 0,0005), subchondral bone (p=0,010), cartilage mineralization (p=0,0) except cell population viability. In comparison to subchondral drilling, autologous osteochondral transplantation offered mature fully constructed tissue providing better results. Both methods provided viable cells. All grafts had successful incorporation of the osseous part. No necrosis of the femoral head was noticed. Reconstruction of the articular surface of the femoral head through autologous osteochondral graft transplantation after focal osteochondral defect in rabbits gives superior macroscopical and histological results in comparison to subchondral drilling
Published Version
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