Abstract
The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt, Germany, provides unique possibilities for a new generation of hadron-, nuclear- and atomic physics experiments. The future antiProton ANnihilations at DArmstadt (PANDA or overline{mathrm{P}}ANDA) experiment at FAIR will offer a broad physics programme, covering different aspects of the strong interaction. Understanding the latter in the non-perturbative regime remains one of the greatest challenges in contemporary physics. The antiproton–nucleon interaction studied with PANDA provides crucial tests in this area. Furthermore, the high-intensity, low-energy domain of PANDA allows for searches for physics beyond the Standard Model, e.g. through high precision symmetry tests. This paper takes into account a staged approach for the detector setup and for the delivered luminosity from the accelerator. The available detector setup at the time of the delivery of the first antiproton beams in the HESR storage ring is referred to as the Phase One setup. The physics programme that is achievable during Phase One is outlined in this paper.
Highlights
The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics has to date successfully described elementary particles and their interactions
The Standard Model of particle physics gives an accurate description of phenomena that occur at very high energies exploiting the basic interactions among quarks and gluons
It is a challenge to describe quantitatively how the effective forces between these composite objects emerge from first principles: how do protons and neutrons form atomic nuclei, and how do these form the macroscopic objects of our universe, for example neutron stars?
Summary
The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics has to date successfully described elementary particles and their interactions. Tive description of the strong interaction at the scale where quarks and gluons form hadrons and up to the onset of pQCD, belongs to the most challenging questions in contemporary physics. This manifests itself in the nucleon whose inherently non-perturbative properties such as the spin [6,7] and, partly controversial, the mass [8] remain objects of intense discussions and research. It is illuminating to study hadrons whose building blocks have different masses, from the massless gluons on one hand, to heavy quarks, e.g. charm, on the other In the latter case the charm quark(s) can be viewed as a near static color source(s) surrounded by the strongly interacting light quarks, a scenario that leads to additional, new forms of matter.
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