Abstract
This paper aims to call attention to the importance of demographic renewal of rural areas by introducing the concept of "smart villages". The vision of "smart villages" and their development integrates key factors of networking and creating benefits for rural communities, as well as finding practical solutions for the transformation of rural areas and their future development. Initiatives for the implementation of this concept involve the entire rural environment, clusters of rural settlements, small towns and connectedness with big cities. The research presented in this paper focuses on the imperative to find new demographic solutions that would support the development of rural communities in the future. The key hypothesis the paper builds on is that rural areas are of great importance in addressing the many socio-economic, demographic, environmental, innovatory and technological challenges, substantial for development of the economy and society. Another important point to note is the specific hypothesis assuming that the past rural development models and strategies have not significantly contributed to the demographic renewal of rural areas, despite their initial positive changes. The conclusion suggests that human capital is the foundation of the development of rural communities and their competitiveness, as well as that rural areas that have the ability to attract quality workforce have a great competitive advantage in terms of integrated sustainable rural development.
Highlights
Cilj ovoga rada jeste da ukaže na značaj demografske revitalizacije ruralnih područja, kroz uvođenje koncepta "pametnih sela"
Kreatori agrarne i ruralne politike u Evropskoj uniji (EU) (CAP), na nivou zemalja članica, na regionalnom i lokalnom nivou, podstiču primenu koncepta "pametnih sela" (Hess, Kolosy, O’Hara, Paneva & Soto, 2018)
The key hypothesis the paper builds on is that rural areas are of great importance in addressing the many socio-economic, demographic, environmental, innovatory and technological challenges, substantial for development of the economy and society
Summary
Cilj ovoga rada jeste da ukaže na značaj demografske revitalizacije ruralnih područja, kroz uvođenje koncepta "pametnih sela". Vizija razvoja "pametnih sela" obuhvata ključne faktore povezivanja i benefite za ruralne zajednice, uz iznalaženje praktičnih solucija za transformaciju ruralnih područja i njihov budući razvoj. Ključna hipoteza od koje se u radu polazi jeste da ruralna područja imaju veliki značaj u suočavanju sa mnogim socio-ekonomskim, demografskim, ekološkim, inovativnim i tehnološkim izazovima, koji su važni za razvoj privrede i društva. U zaključku se ukazuje da je ljudski kapital temelj razvoja ruralnih zajednica i njihove konkurentnosti, a ruralna područja koja imaju sposobnost da privuku kvalitetnu radnu snagu, imaju velike komparativne prednosti za integralni održivi ruralni razvoj. Godine, pod nazivom Bolji život u ruralnim područjima, predstavljen je plan CAP-a (Common Agricultural Policy of the EU) za efikasniji razvoj ruralnih područja. Depopulacija i nepovoljna starosna struktura su pritom najuočljivije negativne demografske karakteristike ruralnih područja Srbije, nastale kao posledica intenzivnih procesa industrijalizacije, urbanizacije u posleratnom periodu i dr. (NPRR, 2018)
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