Palm H-FAME Production through Partially Hydrogenation using Nickel/Carbon Catalyst to Increase Oxidation Stability

Elsa Ramayeni,Bambang Heru Susanto,Dimas Firlyansyah Pratama,A.C Kumoro,Hadiyanto Hadiyanto,M.A Hussain,A.W Lothongkum,M.T Phong,L Yung,S.A Roces,W.R.W Daud,P.T.S Nam,X Rong

doi:10.1051/matecconf/201815603004

Abstract

One of the methods to improve the oxidation stability of palm biodiesel is through partially hydrogenation. The production using Nickel/Carbon catalyst to speed up the reaction rate. Product is called Palm H-FAME (Hydrogenated FAME). Partial hydrogenation breaks the unsaturated bond on FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester), which is a key component of the determination of oxidative properties. Changes in FAME composition by partial hydrogenation are predicted to change the oxidation stability so it does not cause deposits that can damage the injection system of diesel engine, pump system, and storage tank. Partial hydrogenation is carried out under operating conditions of 120 °C and 6 bar with 100:1, 100:3, 100:5, 100:10 % wt catalyst in the stirred batch autoclave reactor. H-FAME synthesis with 100:5 % wt Ni/C catalyst can decrease the iodine number which is the empirical measure of the number of unsaturated bonds from 91.78 to 82.38 (g-I2/100 g) with an increase of oxidation stability from 585 to 602 minutes.

Highlights

High quality biodiesel will generate many benefit
Biodiesel is produced by a process of transesterification reaction by reacting vegetable oil or animal fat catalytically with short chain aliphatic alcohols that produce FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) and glycerol as byproducts [1]
One way that can be done is by a partial hydrogenation reaction in which the reaction will break the unsaturated bond on FAME which is a key component of the determination of oxidative properties

Summary

Introduction

High quality biodiesel will generate many benefit. The advantage of biodiesel is environmentally friendly emissions because it does not contain SO2 and has a good lubrication effect. Biodiesel is defined as a fuel consisting of mono alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils and animal oils. Biodiesel is produced by a process of transesterification reaction by reacting vegetable oil or animal fat catalytically with short chain aliphatic alcohols that produce FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) and glycerol as byproducts [1]. Biodiesel is a biofuel that reduces the level of exhaust emissions. To ensure the quality of biodiesel, Indonesia has implemented the National Standard SNI 04-7182-2006 which was first ratified in 2006 and revised in 2015 with changes in the value of several parameters

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