P-343 - Incidence of colorectal cancer in Uzbekistan

Abstract

Listen

Translate article

Introduction: This is the first study that estimates the incidence and mortality rate for colorectal cancer (CRC) in Uzbekistan. Methods: The review of colorectal cancer in Uzbekistan was done by using data from the Uzbekistan National Cancer Research Center Registry from 1999 to 2014. Patient survival status was cross-checked with the National Registration Department. The age-standardised rate (ASR) was calculated as the proportion of CRC cases (incidence) and deaths (mortality) from 1999 to 2014, weighted by the age structure of the population. Results: Between 1999 and 2014, deaths from colorectal cancer constituted 17% of all cancer mortalities in men and women, accounting for the second highest cause of cancer mortality in both genders. Incidence rate for CRC, overall in Uzbekistan was 6.32 cases per 100 000. However, this ratio varied in different parts of the country, in fact in ecologically unfavorable regions presented by industrial zone, the incidence rate for CRC constituted 8.27 cases per 100 000. Meanwhile, minimum of incidence rate for CRC was also presented in other parts of the country and made up 4.38 per 100000. At the same time, more than three quarters (75.6%) of colorectal cancers occurred in the distal colon (including splenic flexure, descending, sigmoid colon and rectum), with the predominant histological subtype being adenocarcinoma (approximately 94%). The age-specific rates for colorectal cancer begin to increase sharply in the 45- to 55-year age group. It remains the most common primary site of cancer in men after gastric and prostate cancer aged between 43 and 65 years but lies a distant second after breast cancer in women. In individuals aged 65 years and above, colorectal cancer remains prominent in both genders. Conclusion: CRC incidence and mortality is higher in males than females with 66.6% in men and 33.4% in women. In Uzbekistan, colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in males and females. Incidence rate varies depending on environmental and ecological condition of the region, so the lowest incidence rate made up 4.38, whereas highest rate 8.27 and overall 6.32 per 100 000. The economic burden of colorectal cancer is substantial and is likely to increase over time. In Uzbekistan, most patients with colorectal cancer have been diagnosed at a late stage, with the 5-year relative survival by stage being lower than that in developed Asian countries.