Abstract
Mounting evidence for H2S as a signaling molecule has led to increased demand for techniques to detect this reactive sulfur species in biological systems with high sensitivity and selectivity. Previously established methods have relied upon tissue and cell disruption to measure intracellular H2S levels. Our laboratory has been devising new ways to image hydrogen sulfide in intact, living cells with spatial and temporal resolution. Two first-generation fluorescent probes, Sulfidefluor-1 and Sulfidefluor-2 (SF1 and SF2), employ the chemoselective H2S-mediated reduction of azides to produce a turn-on response in the presence of H2S. Additional modifications to these initial probe designs have yielded second-generation probes that display higher sensitivities and enable detection of endogenously produced H2S in various model systems. These new chemical tools now set the stage for further study of the physiological roles of H2S and elucidation of the complex, dynamic interplay between redox-active species in cellular environments.
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