P1029 Prevalance and risk factors of thromboembolism in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as a chronic inflammatory condition, can affect atherosclerotic process, arterial events, and increase the formation of venous thromboembolism. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of thromboembolism and the risk factors associated with acute thromboembolism in our IBD cohort. Methods A total of 3133 patients with 1414 Crohn's Disease (CD), 1667 Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and 52 Indeterminate Colitis who were admitted between 1999 and 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with acute arterial events and venous thromboembolism (n=39) during the follow-up period were compared with a control group (n=78) of the same gender and same diagnosis. Patients with Behçet's syndrome (n=126),systemic vasculitis (n=16) and hereditary thrombophilia (n=5) were excluded. Results Among 3133 IBD patients, number of patients with arterial events or venous thromboembolism at any time was 124, and the frequency was 3,95%. A total of 132 thromboembolic events, 86 arterial (65,2%) and 46 venous (34,8%) were recorded.Coronary artery disease was significantly higher in the UC group (2,3% vs. 1,2%; p=0.028). During follow-up, 40 acute thromboembolic events, 25 arterial and 15 venous, were seen in 39 patients (frequency 1,24%). There was no significant difference between the CD and UC groups in terms of acute thromboembolism (p=0.871). The presence of exacerbation, the presence of hospitalization, the number of priot hospitalizations and clinical activity at the last visit were associated with both arterial and venous thromboembolism; smoking history, age at diagnosis, body-mass index, non-mucosal CD (Montreal B2-B3) and higher basal CRP were associated with arterial thromboembolism only; higher CRP at the last visit, annual exacerbation frequency, presence of an additional inflammatory disease, presence of complications (surgery, abcess), longer total steroid traetment duration and also recent steroid therapy were associated only with venous thromboembolism. In regression analysis, recent steroid therapy and additional inflammatory disease were considered as independent risk factors for venous thromboembolism whereas age at diagnosis of IBD was considered as an independent risk factor for arterial events. Conclusion In addition to risk factors such as age, smoking and obesity, parameters indicating disease activity, inflammatory comorbidities and recent steroid therapy appear to be associated with acute thromboembolism in IBD patients.