P.349 Surgical treatment for stages I and II tongue carcinoma

Abstract

To evaluate the pattern of recanalization and specific inflammatory reaction after superselective embolization with four commercially available spherical embolic agents of different sizes in the mini pig kidney model.In 40 mini pigs, the lower poles of both kidneys were superselectively embolized with Embozene, Embosphere, Bead Block, and Contour SE particles in sizes of 40–120 μm (Embozene, Embosphere) and 100–300 μm, 500–700 μm, and 700–900 μm (Embozene, Embosphere, Bead Block, Contour SE). After a follow-up time of 4 or 12 weeks, recanalization was determined with angiography. Pathologic and histologic evaluation of the kidneys was performed, and the Banff 97 classification was used to evaluate the extent of vessel wall inflammation. Macroscopically visible ischemic changes were evaluated by using a specific ischemia score.After embolization with Embozene microspheres, larger Embosphere particles, and Bead Block and Contour SE particles, the absence of inflammation or a low inflammation score was observed. Significantly elevated inflammation scores were evident with small Embosphere particles after 4 weeks (mean score, 1.21 ± 1.0). Distinct recanalization occurred with Contour SE particles (100% recanalization with 100–300-μm particles at 12 weeks, 500–700-μm particles at 4 and 12 weeks, and 700–900-μm particles at 4 weeks). Ischemia scores were highest in the target area in all specimens. Mildly elevated ischemia scores in nontarget tissue areas were indicative of minor nontarget embolization.Except for small Embosphere particles at 4 weeks, the absence of inflammatory reaction to the embolization procedure or only low inflammatory changes were observed with all embolic agents, particle sizes, and follow-up intervals. Recanalization was evident with all embolic agents; however, it was pronounced with Contour SE particles.