P-113 Comparison of mitochondrial function between expanded and hatching human blastocysts

Abstract

Abstract Study question Is there a difference in mitochondrial function between expanded and hatching fresh and vitrified blastocysts? Summary answer Freezing and thawing may lead to mitochondrial dysfunction. What is known already Mitochondria, as crucial cellular organelles, play role in energy production through the electron transport chain, cell motility and organelle movement. They also have a significant impact on embryonic development. Furthermore, during the process of embryonic hatching, the energy generated by these organelles can affect ion pump activity, blastocyst expansion, and collapse. Therefore, factors that stress embryonic mitochondria may contribute to embryogenesis and hatching. Cooling and warming, as stress factors, maybe result in organelle damage, protein denaturation, membrane disruption, and DNA fragmentation. Additionally, they can cause changes in mitochondrial function, leading to decreased ATP levels and increased ROS levels. Study design, size, duration In this study, vitrified and fresh human 8-cell embryos were collected from April 18, 2021, to July 19, 2023. The embryos were cultured until the blastocyst stage, and then four samples were assessed in four groups. These groups included vitrified expanded blastocysts, vitrified hatching blastocysts, fresh expanded blastocysts, and fresh hatching blastocysts. Participants/materials, setting, methods Vitrified embryos were sourced from the embryo bank of the Royan Institute, while fresh embryos were obtained from good-quality 3PN embryos or excess embryos from couples who did not wish to freeze them. A stock solution containing lipophilic cationic JC-1 dye in dimethyl sulfoxide was prepared. Blastocysts were then exposed to a concentration of 1 μg/ml of JC-1 diluted in HamsF10-HSA. After washing with HF-HSA, imaging was performed using a 2-photon confocal microscope. Main results and the role of chance Our results showed that mitochondrial membrane potential in expanded blastocysts of both fresh and vitrified eight-cell embryos was significantly higher than in hatching blastocysts of fresh and vitrified embryos (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in mitochondrial function between the vitrified and fresh groups, neither in expanded nor hatching blastocysts. Limitations, reasons for caution Due to the human origin of the samples, the minimum necessary replicates were considered for each experimental group. Wider implications of the findings In this study, it appears that plump zona breakers can be detected in hatching blastocysts using confocal microscopy. Previous studies, such as the one conducted by Sathananthan, identified these cells using a TEM microscope. Trial registration number -