Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate ozone saturation and decomposition kinetics in porous medium containing grains of different hybrids of maize. The following hybrids were used: common maize hybrid AG 1051, super sweet maize hybrids Tropical Plus, GSS 42072, GSS 41499 and GSS 41243. 1 kg grain samples with water contents of 13.0% (w.b.) were placed in glass containers with 3.25 L capacity. The grains were ozonized at the concentration of 1.28 mg L-1, at 25 ºC, with gas flow rate of 5.0 L min-1. Saturation time and concentration, half-life time and physical properties such as apparent specific weight, actual specific weight, porosity, sphericity and circularity of each maize hybrid were determined. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with three replicates, using regression analysis of the data. Ozone saturation times remained between 6.6 and 163.9 min, with saturation concentration varying from 0.34 to 1.12 mg L-1. As for the ozone half-life time, the highest value was 10.5 min for the common maize hybrid AG 1051 and the lowest value was 0.14 min for the super sweet maize hybrid GSS 41499. It was concluded that ozone saturation and decomposition kinetics in maize depends on the hybrid contained in the porous medium. Ozone decomposition is faster in porous medium containing super sweet maize hybrids compared with the common maize hybrid.
Highlights
Ozonation has been proposed as an alternative to control grain pests because of the increased resistance of the insects, especially to the phosphine fumigant, and the increase of demand for products free from pesticide residues (Tiwari et al, 2010; Pandiselvam et al, 2015; Xinyi et al, 2017)
The values remained within the range from 6.5 to 163.9 min, and the highest value was obtained for the hybrid GSS 41499 (Table 1 and Figure 2)
The ozone gas saturation concentration varied from 0.34 and 1.12 mg L-1, and highest value was obtained for the common maize hybrid AG 1051, equivalent to 87.5% of the initial concentration, with saturation time of 6.5 min
Summary
Ozonation has been proposed as an alternative to control grain pests because of the increased resistance of the insects, especially to the phosphine fumigant, and the increase of demand for products free from pesticide residues (Tiwari et al, 2010; Pandiselvam et al, 2015; Xinyi et al, 2017). Given the expressive applicability of ozone as protecting agent, it is fundamental to study parameters related to the distribution of the gas during grain fumigation, evaluating its saturation and decomposition kinetics in the porous medium. Temperature and moisture content are factors that influence ozone decomposition in porous medium containing grains, as reported by Alencar et al (2011) and Pandiselvam et al (2015)
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