Abstract
Aqueous alkaline batteries see bright future in renewable energy storage and utilization, but their practical application is greatly challenged by the unsatisfactory performance of anode materials. Herein, we demonstrate a latent Sb stripping/plating chemistry by constructing an oxygen-rich interface on carbon substrate, thus providing a decent anode candidate. The functional interface effectively lowers the nucleation overpotential of Sb and strengthens the absorption capability of the charge carriers (SbO2− ions). These two advantageous properties inhibit the occurrence of side reactions and thus enable highly reversible Sb stripping/plating. Consequently, the Sb anode delivers theoretical-value-close specific capacity (627.1 mA h g−1), high depth of discharge (95.0%) and maintains 92.4% coulombic efficiency over 1000 cycles. A robust aqueous NiCo2O4//Sb device with high energy density and prominent durability is also demonstrated. This work provides a train of thoughts for the development of aqueous alkaline batteries based on Sb chemistry.
Highlights
Aqueous alkaline batteries see bright future in renewable energy storage and utilization, but their practical application is greatly challenged by the unsatisfactory performance of anode materials
It is of great significance to explore novel anode materials embedding both high energy and favorable stability to facilitate the practical applications of alkaline batteries (AABs) in renewable energy storage/utilization, which remains a great challenge in this area
The SbO2− ions in the Helmholtz layer are reduced to Sb on the substrate, and the as-deposited Sb metal would resolve into the electrolyte during the discharging course
Summary
Aqueous alkaline batteries see bright future in renewable energy storage and utilization, but their practical application is greatly challenged by the unsatisfactory performance of anode materials. To evaluate the overall performance of the energy storage devices, several parameters need to be taken into account together, including the initial capital cost, specific energy, and cycling ability Along this line, rechargeable aqueous alkaline batteries (AABs), the devices that realize energy storage via the faradaic reactions of electrodes in alkaline electrolyte, emerge as one of the most promising next-generation candidates for renewable energy storage, especially for large-scale applications[10,11]. By constructing a functional oxygen-rich interface, we realize highly reversible stripping/plating chemistry of Sb metal anode on the carbon substrate (denoted as CS) in AABs. Oxygencontaining functional groups facilitate the diffusion and deposition behaviors of SbO2− ions on the carbon surface via two ways: (i) to promote the absorption of the SbO2− at the interface by activating the formation of hydrogen bonds; (ii) to decrease the deposition resistance of Sb by minimizing the nucleation overpotential on the anode. This work opens a favorable way for the exploration of novel Sb-based aqueous devices as power supply systems
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