Oxidative stress markers in chronic kidney disease patients with hearing loss

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease complex which is highly associated with wide range of progressive complications. The imbalance between the pro-oxidant and antioxidant factors generates a state of oxidative stress which worsens the inflammatory conditions in the patients. The oxidative stress has been known to play a role in the complications associated with chronic kidney disease. One such complication is sensorineural hearing loss which contributes to morbidity in chronic kidney disease. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional comparative study comprising of 30 patients with chronic disease and 30 healthy controls were recruited for the study. Routine biochemical parameters like serum urea, creatinine, random blood sugar, hemoglobin were assessed. The oxidant status was assessed by measuring serum malondialdehyde (TBARS). Total antioxidant capacity was measured by ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). Hearing loss was documented by pure tone audiometry. Results: Blood urea was elevated (99.5035.76) in cases significantly (p value <0.001). Serum creatinine was also elevated significantly in the cases (8.442.96). It was found that 22 cases were found to have moderate to severe hearing loss. Blood urea levels had a significant positive correlation with MDA (p<0.05) in patients undergoing dialysis presenting with hearing loss. Conclusion: In the present study, it was observed that hearing loss was documented in patients with chronic kidney disease. The oxidant antioxidant status revealed that a significant number of cases had a decreased total antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde was increased in cases though not significant. This could imply that oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of hearing loss in chronic kidney disease.