Oxidative Stress Markers in Children With End Stage Kidney Disease

Abstract

Objectives: Our objective was to evaluate oxidative stress markers in children with end-stage kidney disease and to study the influence of hemodialysis on the oxidative stress markers. Background: End-stage kidney disease (ESKD or ESRD) is associated with numerous complications, which may partially result from excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species and/or decreased antioxidant activity. Methods: Twenty pediatric patients with end-stage kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis were compared with twenty healthy controls. Investigations included were: complete blood count (CBC), urea, creatinine, uric acid, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), hemoglobin level and antioxidant enzymes activities superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). These investigations were conducted in children on hemodialysis (before and after session) and healthy controls. Results: Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were higher in hemodialysis group as compared with healthy controls. Total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde were significantly higher pre dialysis as compared with their levels post dialysis. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) were significantly higher in healthy children as compared with hemodialysis group (before and after dialysis). Conclusion: Increased oxidative stress occurs in children on maintenance dialysis. The activity of the enzymatic antioxidant defense system is highly reduced in plasma of pediatric dialysis patients. Oxidative stress is improved during every single hemodialysis session in children.