Abstract
Thus far, the pathogenesis of these intestinal tumors has not been fully explained. However, the analysis of risk factors and research regarding their formation that have continued for 3 decades have allowed us to demonstrate a significant role of oxidative stress in the processes leading to the development of cancer in the large intestine as well as in some other organs. The aim of the study was to examine the level of anti-oxidative status and the degree of oxidative protein damage in patients with varying severity of colonic adenocarcinoma (CAC) in relation to healthy individuals. The study involved 4 groups (A-D) of patients with increasing severity of CAC stages according to Dukes' classification and a control group of healthy volunteers. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of blood plasma, as well as carbonyl (C=O) group contents in blood plasma proteins as a product of their oxidative damage, were estimated in all participants. Both parameters were determined by spectrophotometric methods using commercial kit to test TAC and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine to assay the contents of C=O groups. In each of the studied groups, A-D, a statistically significant reduction in the TAC values was noted relative to the control group, which progressed with increased severity of CAC stages: 1.783 mmol/L vs 1.191 mmol/L (group A), 1.07 mmol/L (group B), 0.931 mmol/L (group C), and 0.899 mmol/L (group D). At the same time, significantly increased contents of protein C=O groups were observed compared to the controls, also progressive in the course of growing CAC severity: 0.496 nmol/mg protein vs 0.57 nmol/mg protein (group A), 0.689 nmol/mg protein (group B), 0.804 nmol/mg protein (group C), and 1.054 nmol/mg protein (group D). The CAC-related oxidative stress considerably reduces the systemic anti-oxidative status and increases the protein damage; both those changes become worse in parallel with the progression of this cancer.
Highlights
Malignant tumors of the large intestine are one of the main subjects of research on neoplasms, as they are on the 3rd top position in respect to morbidity and mortality rates, preceded only by breast cancer in women and lung cancer in men.[1]
The analysis of risk factors and research regarding their formation that have continued for 3 decades have allowed us to demonstrate a significant role of oxidative stress in the processes leading to the development of cancer in the large intestine as well as in some other organs
In each of the studied groups, A–D, a statistically significant reduction in the Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) values was noted relative to the control group, which progressed with increased severity of colonic adenocarcinoma (CAC) stages: 1.783 mmol/L vs 1.191 mmol/L, 1.07 mmol/L, 0.931 mmol/L, and 0.899 mmol/L
Summary
Malignant tumors of the large intestine are one of the main subjects of research on neoplasms, as they are on the 3rd top position in respect to morbidity and mortality rates, preceded only by breast cancer in women and lung cancer in men.[1]. The analysis of risk factors and research on hypotheses of their formation that have continued for 3 decades have allowed us to demonstrate the significant role of the oxidative stress in the processes leading to the development of cancer in the large intestine as well as in some other organs. It has been documented that oxidative stress participates in the formation and development of numerous diseases, including cancer This is due to the fact that exposure of cells to excessive amounts of ROS causes damage to the structural cellular macromolecules: lipids, proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates, and this in turn leads to pathogenic dysfunctions of cells.[4]. The analysis of risk factors and research regarding their formation that have continued for 3 decades have allowed us to demonstrate a significant role of oxidative stress in the processes leading to the development of cancer in the large intestine as well as in some other organs
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