Abstract
Purpose. It is necessary to study the processes of oxidation of steels during their interaction with the atmosphere at the time of laser treatment. The aim of the work was to study the processes of steel oxidation under laser action. Methods. The materials for investigation were commercial steels containing different non-metallic inclusions. The specimens of different steels with preliminary polished surface were exposed to laser beaming on the installations GOS-30M and GUANTUM-16. Methods of investigation – petrography and optical microscopy (Neophot-21) – were used. Results. It was found that at the time of laser exposure due to the interaction of the steel surface with the air atmosphere, steel oxidizes. At the same time, the role of nonmetallic inclusions in which phase transformations occur is of great importance. The oxidation products have different morphology and chemical composition, depending on the chemical composition of steel, as well as on the wettability in the steel-liquid oxide system. The structural features of oxide films are shown. The interaction of steel with the air atmosphere during laser processing is analyzed. Scientific novelty. The features of the oxidation of the surface of steels in the process of interaction with the air atmosphere under conditions of laser exposure are established. The features of phase transformations in nonmetallic inclusions and local zones of a steel matrix near inclusions are shown. The effect of inclusions on oxidative processes is shown. The features of the morphology and chemical composition of oxide films in different steels are shown. Practical significance. The use of the results obtained will allow us to develop laser processing technologies for steels with regulated surface quality parameters, which will prevent the formation of various kinds of defects. A method for removing oxide films from the surface of products is proposed.
Highlights
Появление оксидов на поверхности приводит к концентрации напряжений и деформаций и может вызывать появление трещин в процессе эксплуатации [12−26]
necessary to study the processes of oxidation of steels
The aim of the work was to study the processes of steel oxidation under laser action
Summary
Необходимы исследования процессов окисления сталей при их взаимодействии с атмосферой в момент лазерной обработки. Цель работы − изучение процессов окисления сталей при лазерном воздействии. Установлено, что в момент лазерного воздействия вследствие взаимодействия поверхности стали с воздушной атмосферой происходит окисление стали. Продукты окисления имеют различные морфологию и химический состав, зависящие от химического состава стали, а также от смачиваемости в системе сталь − жидкий оксид. Проанализировано взаимодействие стали с воздушной атмосферой в процессе лазерной обработки. Установлены особенности окисления поверхности сталей в процессе взаимодействия с воздушной атмосферой в условиях лазерного воздействия. Определены особенности фазовых превращений в неметаллических включениях и локальных зонах стальной матрицы вблизи включений. Установлены особенности морфологии и химического состава оксидных пленок в разных сталях. Использование полученных результатов поможет разработать технологии лазерной обработки сталей с регламентированными параметрами качества поверхности, что позволит предупредить образование различного рода дефектов. Ключевые слова: сталь; лазерная обработка; воздушная атмосфера; окисление; неметаллические включения
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