Abstract
Spray drying and a direct carbonization technology were coupled to prepare nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (NMCs) using chitosan as a carbon source and nitrogen source precursor and a triblock amphiphilic copolymer (F127) as a soft template, then oxidative modification was performed by ammonium persulfate (APS) to prepare oxidized mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (O-NMCs). The pore structure, chemical composition and wettability of the mesoporous materials were studied before and after oxidative modification, the microscopic morphology, structure, composition and wetting performance of the mesoporous carbon were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), N2 adsorption–desorption instrument, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle tests and other analyses, meanwhile influences of the mesoporous carbon material on adsorption and release performance of a poorly-soluble antitumor drug hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) were investigated. It was demonstrated from results that the surface wettability of the oxidatively-modified mesoporous carbon material was improved, the contact angle of the mesoporous carbon materials was reduced from 133.4° to 58.2° and the saturated adsorption capacity of HCPT was 676.97 mg/g and 647.20 mg/g respectively. The dissolution rate of the raw material hydroxycamptothecin was improved due to the nanopore structure of the mesoporous carbon material, the dissolution rate of mesoporous carbon material-loaded hydroxycamptothecin was increased from 22.7% to respective 83.40% and 81.11%.
Highlights
N OH friendliness, in recent years, synthesis of mesoporous carbon materials increased gradually through chitosan as carbon source precursor
Oxidative modification included the following steps: 50 ml of 1 M ammonium persulfate solution was added in 0.5 g of the prepared nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon (NMCs), which was stirred in a flask of 100 ml for reflux treatment at 70 °C with 8 h, filtration was conducted followed by the washing with ethanol and water alternately until no precipitation was achieved through addition of barium nitrate into the filtrate, the Scientific Reports | (2020) 10:15772 |
Broad peaks at 2θ of 23° were observed in both the mesoporous carbon materials, which were attributed to amorphous peaks of carbon materials, it indicated that the carbon materials had an amorphous structure with the shift of broad peaks at 2θ of 23° to the left upon oxidation, implying that structural shrinkage occurred during oxidation
Summary
N OH friendliness, in recent years, synthesis of mesoporous carbon materials increased gradually through chitosan as carbon source precursor. In our previous study[16], spherical mesoporous carbon materials were prepared by spray drying technology using chitosan as carbon and nitrogen source and F127 as template. In order to further improve the hydrophilicity of the mesoporous carbon surface and effectively address the issue of poor wettability and dispersion of the mesoporous carbon material as drug carrier, In this paper, nitrogen doped mesoporous carbon nanoparticles (NMCs) were prepared using chitosan as carbon and nitrogen source and F127 as template by the soft template method with the coupling of spray drying and carbonization process. Ammonium persulfate (APS) was employed to modify the mesoporous carbon materials, the nitrogen and oxygen co-doped modification was realized to improve the hydrophilicity of the carbon materials. It is beneficial to design a better mesoporous carbon carrier for drug delivery system, the dissolution rate and bioavailability of insoluble drugs were improved
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