Overview on Renovascular Hypertension: Review Article

Alotaibi, Turki Abdulelah R,Almutairi, Samia Nouh,Ali Aziz Al-Sayed,Azam Mohammed Alnamy,Thekra Zaidan Albalawi,Abdulaziz Homoud A Alrethaia,Mohammed Salah Hussein,Alsulami, Roaya Ayed,Alrayuf Mohammad Alothri,Zainab Ali Alshaikh,Ethar Abdulrahman H Almohseny,Fatimah Turki Alghamdi,Lamia Abdulaziz Aljeraisy

doi:10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i56b33922

Abstract

Renovascular hypertension (RVH) is a prevalent cause of secondary hypertension that frequently develops to resistant hypertension. It is characterised as systemic hypertension that develops as a result of a restricted blood supply to the kidneys. Patients cannot be recognized clinically from those with essential hypertension; therefore, diagnosis requires arteriography, however urography and isotope renography may hint to the diagnosis. Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) and fibromuscular dysplasia are the two most prevalent causes of RVH. The ultimate objective of controlling RVH, like with other kinds of hypertension, is to minimize the morbidity and mortality associated with high blood pressure The widespread use of effective antihypertensive medication treatment, statins, and other strategies to control vascular disease has resulted in remarkable improvements. In this review we will be looking at etiology, pathogenesis and treatment or RVH.

Highlights

In the United States, 75 million people have high blood pressure, which accounts for 8.6% of all primary care visits
Renovascular hypertension‫‏‬ (RVH)is a prevalent cause of secondary hypertension that frequently develops to resistant hypertension
It is characterised as systemic hypertension that develops as a result of a restricted blood supply to the kidneys, which is generally caused by an occlusive lesion in the primary renal artery [1]

Summary

INTRODUCTION

In the United States, 75 million people have high blood pressure, which accounts for 8.6% of all primary care visits. Different findings have left both patients and doctors unsure regarding the optimal way to manage renovascular hypertension, in terms of whether endovascular or surgical intervention should be used Because of this "equilibrium" between medical therapy and renal revascularization, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the United States is funding a large prospective, randomised trial comparing intensive medical therapy alone to intensive medical therapy plus renal revascularization for Renal Atherosclerotic Lesions [3] The widespread use of effective antihypertensive medication treatment, statins, and other strategies to control vascular disease has resulted in remarkable developments. Renovascular disease has evolved dramatically in the last decade because to advancements in imaging, medicinal management, and renal revascularization procedures This has proven especially true for renal artery stenosis (RAS) caused by atherosclerosis, which is still one of the most prevalent causes of hypertension and can be identified by chance. Medical treatment, which includes renin-angiotensinaldosterone system antagonists, lipid-lowering medicines, and antiplatelet medication, percutaneous angioplasty with or without stent implantation, and surgical revascularization are the three therapeutic options available. [6]

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

ETIOLOGY

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

TREATMENT

Findings

CONCLUSION