Abstract

Versatile Video Coding (VVC) was finalized in July 2020 as the most recent international video coding standard. It was developed by the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) and the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) to serve an ever-growing need for improved video compression as well as to support a wider variety of today’s media content and emerging applications. This paper provides an overview of the novel technical features for new applications and the core compression technologies for achieving significant bit rate reductions in the neighborhood of 50% over its predecessor for equal video quality, the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard, and 75% over the currently most-used format, the Advanced Video Coding (AVC) standard. It is explained how these new features in VVC provide greater versatility for applications. Highlighted applications include video with resolutions beyond standard- and high-definition, video with high dynamic range and wide color gamut, adaptive streaming with resolution changes, computer-generated and screen-captured video, ultralow-delay streaming, 360° immersive video, and multilayer coding e.g., for scalability. Furthermore, early implementations are presented to show that the new VVC standard is implementable and ready for real-world deployment.

Highlights

  • V VC, or Versatile Video Coding [1], standardized in ITU-T as Recommendation H.266 and in ISO and IEC as International Standard 23090-3 (MPEG-I Part 3), is the Manuscript received December 22, 2020; revised March 28, 2021 and June 21, 2021; accepted July 17, 2021

  • Scalability can be used for bit rate saving compared to simulcast coding of multiple, independent bitstreams, among other benefits [20], [21], in applications wherein a particular content may be consumed by different classes of clients that are differentiated by connecting bandwidths, decoding capabilities, display sizes, etc., providing the same or an even larger set of operation points in terms of picture rates, qualities, and resolutions as simulcast

  • Applications beyond typical standard- and highdefinition camera-captured content coding required additional profiles, which have been added in later versions of a specification

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Summary

INTRODUCTION

V VC, or Versatile Video Coding [1], standardized in ITU-T as Recommendation H.266 and in ISO and IEC as International Standard 23090-3 (MPEG-I Part 3), is the Manuscript received December 22, 2020; revised March 28, 2021 and June 21, 2021; accepted July 17, 2021. VVC was designed to provide a substantial bit rate reduction compared to its predecessor (HEVC) and to be highly versatile, i.e., to cover all current and emerging media needs These include video beyond standard- and high-definition with SDR, including even higher resolution (up to 8K or larger), HDR and WCG; computergenerated or screen content, as occurs especially in computer screen sharing and gaming; 360◦ video for immersive and augmented reality; and applications requiring ultralow delay such as wireless display and online gaming. Another difference compared to previous video coding standards is the handling of video usability information (VUI) parameters and supplemental enhancement information (SEI) messages.

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW
High-Level Functionalities
Core Compression Technologies
APPLICATIONS, TEST RESULTS AND PROFILES
Conventional Applications
Computer Generated and Screen Captured Content
Ultralow-Delay Streaming
Immersive Video
Conferencing and Broadcasting Applications
EARLY IMPLEMENTATIONS
Optimized VVC Decoders
Analyzers and Conformance Testing Bitstreams
SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK

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