Abstract
Overview of the Potential of Bio-Succinic Acid Production from Oil Palm Fronds
Highlights
The increasing price of oil and gas, the rising concern of sustainability, and environmental issues have led to research on environmental benign routes
polybutylene succinate (PBS) is expected to grow with fastest compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 38.9% from 2014 to 2020 owing to excellent growth potential in packaging coupled with increasing demand for bio-plastics.[12]
From the aspect of application, the production of 1,4 butanediol is predicted to occupy the largest consumption of the bio-succinic acid with more than 50% of the total market share. 1,4 butanediol is widely used as a solvent in industrial application and for the manufacturing of plastics, elastic fibres, electronic chemicals and polyurethanes
Summary
The increasing price of oil and gas, the rising concern of sustainability, and environmental issues have led to research on environmental benign routes. The adverse consequences of petrochemical industries are becoming visible.[1] Petrochemical approach was more competitive due to the continuous optimisation and researches on the process for more than half of a century as compared to biological approach. Bio-succinic acid has a molecular formula of C4H6O4, which is known as butanedioic or amber acid It is conventionally produced by catalytic hydrogenation of maleic anhydride or malic acid which originated from petroleum.[4] Sustainable and cheaper bio-production allow bio-succinic acid to be competitive and become a rising alternative over conventional petrochemical approach. The current bio-succinic acid production lowers the release of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 50% as compared to the production of equivalent petrochemical products. Bio-production of bio-succinic acid is aligned with the mission of the United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to minimise the carbon footprint by using green technology in chemical production.[8]
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