Overview of Periodontal Disease, Etiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment Therapy

Abstract

Periodontal Disease is the most common chronic inflammatory bacterial disease that dramatically affects tooth loss and consequent adverse effects not only on the patient's aesthetics and self-confidence but also on the general condition of the body. Because of the high expectation of aggressive behaviour of periodontal disease, the ability to diagnosis and treat early may decrease the risk of tooth loss. So a complete understanding of its silent characteristic is the key. Aim: to thoroughly light on the significance of the early diagnosis and treatment of periodontal diseases which will take part in good prognosis and better outcomes on oral and general health. Methodology: A systematic literature review depends on collecting data from an evidence based studies. Searches were made of twenty electronic databases: the Cochrane Oral Health Group’s Trials Register, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of science, MEDLINE (PubMed). Results: There is a statistically significant clinical improvement in all clinical parameter and biochemical analysis following the periodontal therapy treatment which effect on tooth shelf life. Conclusion: The results proved the benefit of periodontal therapy as a promising treatment therapy in improving periodontal parameters. Understanding the etiology of the progression of periodontal diseases is a very essential step to stopping the disease.