Abstract
With the increase of power generation from renewable energy sources and due to their intermittent nature, the power grid is facing the great challenge in maintaining the power network stability and reliability. To address the challenge, one of the options is to detach the power generation from consumption via energy storage. The intention of this paper is to give an overview of the current technology developments in compressed air energy storage (CAES) and the future direction of the technology development in this area. Compared with other energy storage technologies, CAES is proven to be a clean and sustainable type of energy storage with the unique features of high capacity and long-duration of the storage. Its scale and cost are similar to pumped hydroelectric storage (PHS), thus CAES has attracted much attention in recent years while further development for PHS is restricted by the availability of suitable geological locations. The paper presents the state-of-the-art of current CAES technology development, analyses the major technological barriers/weaknesses and proposes suggestions for future technology development. This paper should provide a useful reference for CAES technology research and development strategy.
Highlights
How to maintain economic growth and at the same time reduce the usage of fossil fuel for environmental protection is a global challenge
pumped hydroelectric storage (PHS), as as shown shown in widely-used energy storage technologies, which has has demonstrated its merits in terms of technological maturity, high cycle efficiency, large rated demonstrated its merits in terms of technological maturity, high cycle efficiency, large rated power, long power, longand service life and cost, low operating cost, but the are location areconstruction highly restricted, service life low operating but the location choices highlychoices restricted, cycles construction cycles arecosts long,are maintenance are high andenvironment, it impacts theso local so the are long, maintenance high and itcosts impacts the local the environment, further utilization of further utilization of
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Summary
How to maintain economic growth and at the same time reduce the usage of fossil fuel for environmental protection is a global challenge. Storage Alliance reported that China had 118 energy storage projects in operation (employing Li-ion, lead-acid and flow batteries, and excluding PHS, CAES and thermal energy storage). This represents lead-acid and flow batteries, and excluding PHS, CAES and thermal energy storage) 105.5 MW of installed capacity with a 110% (2010–2015) annual growth rate, meaning a predicated capacity of up to 24.2 GW (excluding PHS) and 40 GW (including PHS) by 2020 [5]. The recent status of electrical energy storage gas, hydrogen, etc.), electrical energy storage and other forms [1].
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