Overview and in-silico pharmacological profiling of Gliadin: A potential biomaterial

Abstract

The materials obtained from nature are regarded as the foundation for the development of numerous types of medicinal treatments. In past few years, the substances isolated from plant sources have been used as the advanced vehicles for distribution of drugs. The nanocarriers of protein nature are very abundantly used for the delivery of various pharmacologically active molecules. Additionally such proteins are used in tissue engineering. Gliadin is a naturally occurring protein found in wheat grain. It constitutes around eighty to eighty five percent of the total content of protein in wheat grain and it plays an important role in the quality and dietary significance of wheat flour. Further, it has shown numerous astonishing applications in biomedical and engineering field. Thus, the current paper aims to provide an overview on gliadin including its chemistry, extraction techniques and its significance in drug delivery and tissue engineering. The strong mucoadhesive naturesupported its interface with lining of the stomach, aiding the transport of diverse therapeutic compounds, while the framework and disulfide linkages enlarged the encapsulating capacityof lipophilic compounds, vitamins, and enzymes. Add to it its antimicrobial film capability and fibre flexibility. Gliadin is widely used in cuisine. Further, the in silico pharmacological profilng has also been performed which may be beneficial for future researchers to keep a track of these properties while using gliadin for any of the biomedical or bioengineering purpose.