Abstract
Overlay journals are not a new concept but have been experiencing a recent resurgence because of the increase in the number of preprint servers and the increase in the number of preprints on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related topics. This study examines overlay journals at various stages of maturity for unique characteristics, including whether the authors submitted their article to the journal and whether the reviews of the article are published by the overlay journal. Whether they are considered overlooked or emergent, overlay journals are becoming an important contribution to scholarly communication.
Highlights
The term overlay journal was coined in 1996 by Paul Ginsparg, who developed the arXiv preprint server in 1991 (Brown 2010)
An overlay journal is “[a]n open-access journal that takes submissions from the preprints deposited at an archive...and subjects them to peer review.” (Suber 2004)
Overlay journals can be divided into two groups: historically conventional, overlooked journals and new, emergent journals
Summary
The term overlay journal was coined in 1996 by Paul Ginsparg, who developed the arXiv preprint server in 1991 (Brown 2010). An overlay journal is “[a]n open-access journal that takes submissions from the preprints deposited at an archive...and subjects them to peer review.” (Suber 2004). A traditional journal serves five functions: registration, certification, awareness, archiving, rewarding (Casella & Calvi 2010). A repository or preprint server performs all but one of these five functions – certification or peer review. An overlay journal performs the certification function. Combining the overlay journal and the preprint server addresses all five functions of a traditional journal
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