Abstract
We present an imaging procedure that simultaneously optimizes a camera's resolution and retrieves a sample's phase over a sequence of snapshots. The technique, termed overlapped Fourier coding (OFC), first digitally pans a small aperture across a camera's pupil plane with a spatial light modulator. At each aperture location, a unique image is acquired. The OFC algorithm then fuses these low-resolution images into a full-resolution estimate of the complex optical field incident upon the detector. Simultaneously, the algorithm utilizes redundancies within the acquired dataset to computationally estimate and remove unknown optical aberrations and system misalignments via simulated annealing. The result is an imaging system that can computationally overcome its optical imperfections to offer enhanced resolution, at the expense of taking multiple snapshots over time.
Highlights
Introduction and backgroundImaging lenses, ranging from microscope objectives to satellite-based cameras, are limited in the total number of features they can resolve
While many previous systems [31,32,33] can pre-calibrate for optical aberrations for later removal, overlapped Fourier coding (OFC) can continually update an improved estimate of system imperfections from each captured image
This may prove beneficial in microscopy applications where objective lenses are often shifted or replaced, or in conventional cameras where aberrations are a function of object depth and zoom lens position
Summary
Imaging lenses, ranging from microscope objectives to satellite-based cameras, are limited in the total number of features they can resolve. While OFC cannot extend an optical system’s resolution beyond its aperture-defined cutoff, it can increase its SBP via removal of undesired aberrations and misalignments This sets our goal as distinct from prior methods using aperture-based [13] and SLM amplitude modulation [14] to only acquire phase, without correcting for system aberrations. While many previous systems [31,32,33] can pre-calibrate for optical aberrations for later removal (assuming they quantitatively measure sample phase), OFC can continually update an improved estimate of system imperfections from each captured image This may prove beneficial in microscopy applications where objective lenses are often shifted or replaced, or in conventional cameras where aberrations are a function of object depth and zoom lens position. Our annealing algorithm likewise helps remove included aberrations to increase the setup’s SBP
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