Abstract
Urban parks are an important component of urban public green space and a public place where a large number of urban residents choose to conduct outdoor activities. An important factor attracting people to visit and stay in urban parks is its outdoor thermal comfort, which is also an important criterion for evaluating the liability of the urban environment. In this study, through field meteorological monitoring and a questionnaire survey, outdoor thermal comfort of different types of landscape space in urban parks in Chengdu, China was studied in winter and summer. Result indicated that (1) different types of landscape spaces have different thermal comforts, (2) air temperature is the most important factor affecting outdoor thermal comfort; (3) because the thermal sensation judgment of outdoor thermal comfort research in Chengdu area, an ASHRAE seven-sites scale can be used; (4) the neutral temperature ranges of Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) and Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) in Chengdu in winter and summer were obtained through research; (5) and UTCI is the best index for evaluating outdoor thermal comfort in Chengdu. These findings provide theoretical benchmarks and technical references for urban planners and landscape designers to optimize outdoor thermal comfort in urban areas to establish a more comfortable and healthy living environment for urban residents.
Highlights
Under the background of global warming and the acceleration of China’s urbanization process, the climate of the city has undergone tremendous changes
An urban park is a main place for outdoor activities of citizens and an important part of urban green space system, which plays an important role in mitigating the urban heat island effect and improving the outdoor thermal comfort
The reason is that Site D has a large amount of vegetation coverage, the plant has the function of preserving moisture, and the shielding effect of the plant reduces the transpiration of water, making the relative humidity of Site D the highest at the four sites
Summary
Under the background of global warming and the acceleration of China’s urbanization process, the climate of the city has undergone tremendous changes. The increase in urbanization rate is accompanied by the expansion of urban construction land, which has led to a sharp decline in the urban public green area, and the urban heat island effect has been continuously enhanced. The urban heat island effect [1,2] is a special local temperature distribution phenomenon that occurs simultaneously with the development of the city. The increase in temperatures will have serious impact on the health of urban residents. An urban park is a main place for outdoor activities of citizens and an important part of urban green space system, which plays an important role in mitigating the urban heat island effect and improving the outdoor thermal comfort. Urban parks are conducive to energy conservation because, if a large number of urban residents can stay in the park, it reduces the use of air conditioning equipment [5]
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