Osteoporosis en la mujer

Abstract

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a common disease which causes primary osteoporosis in which an estrogen deficit is the principal cause of bone loss. It entails a high morbidity, mortality, and financial cost. A diagnosis is made through a bone densitometry test or in the event of fragility fractures. Therapeutic indications are made based an individualized fracture risk. At present, there are various drugs with demonstrated antifracture efficacy and different mechanisms of action. During follow-up, the treatment and its duration as well as the therapeutic response are re-evaluated. On the other hand, fragility fractures and osteoporosis in premenopausal women are uncommon. The main objective in these women is to identify any secondary cause and provide specific treatment for this cause if possible. The diagnosis is made when there is a medical history of fracture with mild trauma. Antiosteoporotic treatments are rarely indicated, except when there is continuous bone loss and repeated fractures. There are few high-quality clinical trials in this population which provide reliable data. It is not known if said treatments reduce the risk of future fractures and their long-term effects.