Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a protein involved in inflammatory illnesses such as fibrosis and cancer; its overexpression in cardiovascular diseases promotes the biomineralization of blood vessels and other soft tissues. Moreover, there is an active component of oxidative stress related with those diseases. The present study relates serum OPN levels with nutritional condition and oxidative stress in a group of adolescents. Anthropometric measurements were performed, and fasting blood samples were analyzed to determine OPN concentrations, blood chemistry parameters (glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, urea, uric acid, and creatinine) and oxidative stress biomarkers (Paraoxonase-1, Glutathione S-Transferase, Catalase, NAD(P)H Quinone Oxidoreductase, free carbonyl groups and malondialdehyde). Adolescents were categorized according to body mass index (BMI) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria. We found increased OPN serum concentrations in overweight and obese adolescents, as well as in adolescents with MetS. Rises in OPN correlated with arm circumference and biomarkers of lipid peroxidation; with regard to serum glucose there was a trend to positive correlation. Our results suggest that serum OPN is associated to nutritional status and could be considered as an early biomarker of low-grade inflammation and probably the early biomineralization of soft tissues in adolescence.
Highlights
Participants were subdivided in normal weight (34.29%), overweight (28.57%) and obese (37.14%) based on the body mass index (BMI)
Participants were grouped based on percentile as normotension (48.57%), pre-hypertension (34.29%) and hypertension (17.14%); 51.43% of the participants fulfill the criteria of Metabolic syndrome (MetS)
In our study we found statistically significant differences between groups, (TGs/ Glu > 8.2) and an increment in the low-density particles evaluated by the total serum cholesterol/triglyceride ratio (Chol/TGs < 1.5), both factors are related with MetS and predict insulin resistance and the presence of small dense LDL particles that increase the risk of developing
Summary
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Obesity and overweight have become a public health problem worldwide with an increasing prevalence in childhood, ranging from birth to adolescence. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 340 million children and adolescents suffer from overweight or obesity across the globe. In Mexico, the probabilistic national survey ENSANUT MC 2016 estimated a prevalence of obesity during the adolescence was 39.2% in female adolescents and 33.5% in male adolescents [1].
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