Osteogenic Matrix Cell Sheets Facilitate Osteogenesis in Irradiated Rat Bone.

Yoshinobu Uchihara,Yasuaki Tohma,Akira Kido,Yusuke Morita,Yasuhito Tanaka,Kenji Kawate,Takamasa Shimizu,Tomohiko Kura,Manabu Akahane,Tomoyuki Ueha,Shintaro Nakasaki

doi:10.1155/2015/629168

Yoshinobu Uchihara, Yasuaki Tohma + Show 9 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/629168

Copy DOI

Abstract

Reconstruction of large bone defects after resection of malignant musculoskeletal tumors is a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery. Extracorporeal autogenous irradiated bone grafting is a treatment option for bone reconstruction. However, nonunion often occurs because the osteogenic capacity is lost by irradiation. In the present study, we established an autogenous irradiated bone graft model in the rat femur to assess whether osteogenic matrix cell sheets improve osteogenesis of the irradiated bone. Osteogenic matrix cell sheets were prepared from bone marrow-derived stromal cells and co-transplanted with irradiated bone. X-ray images at 4 weeks after transplantation showed bridging callus formation around the irradiated bone. Micro-computed tomography images at 12 weeks postoperatively showed abundant callus formation in the whole circumference of the irradiated bone. Histology showed bone union between the irradiated bone and host femur. Mechanical testing showed that the failure force at the irradiated bone site was significantly higher than in the control group. Our study indicates that osteogenic matrix cell sheet transplantation might be a powerful method to facilitate osteogenesis in irradiated bones, which may become a treatment option for reconstruction of bone defects after resection of malignant musculoskeletal tumors.

Highlights

Reconstruction of large bone defects after malignant musculoskeletal tumor resection is a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery
Surgeons can reconstruct the bone defect with the autogenous irradiated bone, resulting in an ideal shape and functional reconstruction because the bone maintains its original shape with tendons or ligamentous tissues attached to their original sites
Callus formation had developed during the experimental period and bridging bone formation with the host bone was observed at 12 weeks postoperatively, resulting in bone union

Summary

Introduction

Reconstruction of large bone defects after malignant musculoskeletal tumor resection is a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery. Intraoperative extracorporeal autogenous irradiated devitalized bone grafting has become a treatment option for reconstruction of bone defects after malignant musculoskeletal tumor resection [6, 7]. Surgeons can reconstruct the bone defect with the autogenous irradiated bone, resulting in an ideal shape and functional reconstruction because the bone maintains its original shape with tendons or ligamentous tissues attached to their original sites. This method does not require harvesting bone from healthy sites, such as the pelvis, and is less problematic than allografts that might result in virus transmission and/or immunoreactions.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion