OSMANLI DONANMA CEMİYETİ'NİN KURULUŞU VE FAALİYETLERİ

Abstract

Ikinci Mesrutiyetin 23 Temmuz 1908’de ilani, toplumsal yasamda buyuk bir canli- lik meydana getirmistir. Ozgurluk rejiminin icgudusel geregi olarak ulkenin her yerinde cemiyet ve dernekler kurulmus ve bu cemiyetler toplumsal yasamin ayrilmaz bir parcasini olusturmuslardir. Bu donem icerisinde kurulan cemiyetlerden birisi de Donanma-yi Osmani Muavenet-i Milliye Cemiyeti’dir. Osmanli Donanmasina maddi destek saglamak amaciyla 19 Temmuz 1909’da Istanbul’da kurulan bu Cemiyet, 16 Agustos 1909’da cikarilan “Cemiyetler Kanunu” ile mesruiyet kazanarak yasal bir statuye kavusmustur. Gonullu kisiler tarafindan kurulan Cemiyet, zamanla devletce de desteklenmis, Ittihat ve Terakki ile yakin iliskiler kurmus ve yari-resmi bir kurulus niteligi kazanmistir. Kisa sure icerisinde yurt sathinda orgutlenmesini tamamlayan Cemiyet, gelir getirici pek cok kulturel, sosyal ve ekonomik faaliyetler gerceklestirmistir. Bu faaliyetlerle pek cok savas gemisinin aliminda pay sahibi olan Cemiyetin onemli gelir kaynaklarindan birisini ise “Ziraat Faaliyetleri” teskil etmektedir. Savas yillarinin sikintilarini az da olsa milletin ustunden kaldirmayi, Turk ordusu ve ciftcisinin zaruri ihtiyaclarini karsilamayi kendisine milli bir gorev sayan Donanma Cemiyeti, ulkede ziraat seferberligini baslatmistir. Bu calismada, Osmanli Donanma Cemiyeti’nin kurulusunu zorunlu kilan tarihsel nedenlere ve kurulusuna yer verilmistir. Cemiyetin nizamnamesi ve gerceklestirdigi faaliyetler, TITE arsiv belgeleri basta olmak uzere belgeye dayali arastirma eserler incelenerek degerlendirilmis ve cemiyet-millet butunlesme sureci ortaya konulmustur.AbstractThe declaration of the Second Constitutional Monarchy on July 23, 1908 brought a great deal of vitality to social life. As instinctive necessity of the freedom regime, societies and associations have been established all over the country and these societies have become an integral part of social life. One of the societies established during this period is the Navy-Osmaniye Muavenet-i Milliye Cemiyeti. Founded in Istanbul on 19 July, 1909 in order to provide financial support to the Ottoman Navy, this Society became legitimate by acquiring legitimacy through the “Law of Societies” issued on August 16, 1909. The Society, founded by volunteers, was eventually supported by the state, established close relations with the Union and Progress, and gained qualifications as a semi-official organization. Having completed its organisation process within the country in a short period of time, the Society carried out many cultural, social and economic activities that would generate income. One of the most important sources of income of The Society which had a share in the purchase of many war ships with these activities was the “Agricultural Activities”. The Naval Society, which regarded it as a national duty to free the nation by lifting the troubles of the war years, and to meet the essential needs of the Turkish army and the farmers, initiated an agricultural campaign in the country.In this study the historical reasons that made the the foundation of the Ottoman Naval Society an obligation and its establishment were included. The constitution of the Society and the activities carried out by the Society were evaluated by means of analyzing archival documents primarily those of the TITA and the research works based on the documents; and the process of integration of the society-nation was put forward.