Abstract
The aim of the research was to create genetic variation on garden balsam using oryzalin and Gamma radiation. Mutagenic agent may improve plant variation. Garden balsam seeds were treated by oryzalin (0%, 0.01%, 0.02%) then the seedlings were planted in the field four times to gain seeds generation M4. Seedlings of M4 (7 days of age) were radiated by gamma ray 60Co (0, 5, 10, 15 Gy) and planted in the field to collect seeds for in vitro study to induce a new type of mutant plant. In vitro methods was conducted to achieved rapid micropropagation of Impatiens balsamina L. mutant plants. Growth percentage of seedlings reached 90% by gibberellin 0.01 ppm. Leaf section used for explant and cultured in MS media enriched by 0.5 ppm NAA and 0.5 ppm BAP aseptically. Shoots were regenerated on 6 weeks after cultured however some shoots become vitrification. Number of chromosome varied (mixoploid) on treated plants (M5). Form of secondary metabolites ( alkaloids and terpenoids ) in the roots extract was not changed by oryzalin and gamma radiation. Mixoploid explants showed variation in morphology and some treatments only had little shoots and a treatment has vigorous roots. Control plants have shoot and callus.
Highlights
Impatiens balsamina is well known as herbaceous flowering plants
Oryzalin study on garden balsam was conducted to improve plant performance and flower set
Plant treatments In the previous study, seedlings of garden balsam were treated by soaking in oryzalin (0.00% (Z0), 0.01% (Z1), 0.02% (Z2)) for 12 hours[2], planted in the field until four times to gain M4 generation
Summary
Flower of garden balsam suitable for using as bedding plants in a landscape design or potted plants. The flowers size are varied from single layer (originally) to multiple layers. Flowers contain anthocyanin that varied between red, purple, pink and white colour of flowers. One plant has one colour of flower and flowering time started at six to eight weeks after planting. Oryzalin study on garden balsam was conducted to improve plant performance and flower set. Plant height was decreased 54% by 0.01% oryzalin treatment and plant performance was compact with increasing weight of flower[2]. Flowers size increased up to 17% in diameter due to treatment of 0.02% oryzalin for 12 hours of soaking for the seedlings (unpublished data). Increase of flower diameter was not followed by enhancement of flower petals
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