Abstract
The mouse genome database (MGD) is the model organism database component of the mouse genome informatics system at The Jackson Laboratory. MGD is the international data resource for the laboratory mouse and facilitates the use of mice in the study of human health and disease. Since its beginnings, MGD has included comparative genomics data with a particular focus on human–mouse orthology, an essential component of the use of mouse as a model organism. Over the past 25 years, novel algorithms and addition of orthologs from other model organisms have enriched comparative genomics in MGD data, extending the use of orthology data to support the laboratory mouse as a model of human biology. Here, we describe current comparative data in MGD and review the history and refinement of orthology representation in this resource.
Highlights
The fundamental mission of the mouse genome database (MGD) is to facilitate the use of the laboratory mouse as a model system for understanding human biology and disease
As a closely related species, studies in the rat can provide a great deal of experimental data that are complementary to that of the mouse when inferred via orthology
This most recent MGI release includes links from the mouse gene detail page to all associated human gene homology sets defined by a variety of sequence-based and phylogeny-based algorithms represented in the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) resource, Human Comparative Orthology Prediction (HCOP) (Eyre et al 2007)
Summary
The fundamental mission of the mouse genome database (MGD) is to facilitate the use of the laboratory mouse as a model system for understanding human biology and disease. As a model organism database, MGD has long exploited orthologous mammalian relationships to relate data between human and mouse and to infer gene function from experimentally studied orthologs.
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