Abstract
O presente estudo investigou efeitos ortográficos em uma tarefa de percepção da fala realizada por falantes brasileiros de inglês. O estudo empregou um léxico artificial que simulava relações grafo-fônicas opacas e transparentes do inglês em posição nuclear (deit, toud). Participantes aprenderam esse novo conjunto de palavras através de um paradigma de treinamento de exposição repetida, no qual foram inicialmente introduzidas formas fonológicas associadas aos seus pares visuais, seguidas de associações às suas representações ortográficas. Uma tarefa de decisão lexical auditiva foi administrada após o treinamento. Resultados indicaram que a consistência ortográfica não afetou o tempo de reação dos sujeitos com o léxico que haviam aprendido, embora o tempo de reação com palavras opacas tenha sido maior. No entanto, a ortografia influenciou o tempo de reação registrado para palavras com as quais participantes não haviam recebido treinamento. Entretemos que ter que realizar análise lexical de palavras desconhecidas levou os participantes a recrutarem a ortografia como um mecanismo que auxilia na análise lexical. O recrutamento ortográfico foi concebido, então, como um processo estratégico que auxilia a decisão lexical em tarefas auditivas temporalizadas.
Highlights
A potential account for speech perception to be placed at the forefront of language acquisition has been motivated by infants’ keen sensitivity to phonetic contrasts (Kuhl, 2000; Werker, 1995; Werker & Curtin, 2005; Werker & Gervain, 2013)
Mechanisms involved in language acquisition are changed considerably once subjects start being schooled and become literate (Kolinsky, 2015; Reis & Castro Caldas, 1997), altering the phonological representations developed in the lexicon (Werker & Gervain, 2013)
This study aims at answering the following research question: How does orthography affect speech perception in an auditory lexical decision task? To do so, the study employed an exposure-based training paradigm through which subjects were compelled to learn pictureaural-orthographic forms associations of words belonging to an artificial lexicon
Summary
Each lexical item was presented twice in Auditory Lexical Decision task, which resulted in 76 trials. A trial consisted of the presentation of a fixation point, followed by an aural stimulus. The trial faded away as soon as the participant registered their response or was timed out 2000ms after the aural stimulus was presented. This time was deemed adequate as only 3,3% (N: 48; Total N of responses: 1,584) of responses for the “yes”. For items that required a positive response (words belonging to the trained lexicon), 197 wrong answers were excluded out of 1584 total, 12% of data were lost. Note that the results are displayed separately for consistent (e.g., “seeg”) and inconsistent items (e.g., “toud”) to observe whether participants’ performance differed according to orthographic depth
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