Orthogonal test design for optimization of the ultrasonic extraction of naringin from Citrus grandis tomentosa

Abstract

Citrus grandis tomentosa is a premature or maturescent dried pericarp of C. grandistomentosa or C. grandis (L.) Osbeck, and it is one of the most important crude drugs in traditional Chinese medicine. In this article, C. grandis tomentosa rich in naringin was used as an experimental material. This research, study the effects of ultrasonic extraction temperature, ratio of solvent to raw material, extraction time, and ultrasonic power for the extraction yield of naringin through a single-factor exploration. Then, through an orthogonal experiment (L9(3)4), it was investigated to get the best extraction conditions. The results showed that the effect of these factors on the extraction yield decreases in the order:extraction time> ultrasonic power> extraction temperature> ratio of solvent to raw material.The highest yield was obtained when temperature, ratio of solvent to raw material, ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power were 40°C, 20:1, 50 min, and 280 W, respectively. the experiment was repeated three times with the selected condition, the average extraction yield of naringin from the C. grandis tomentosa was 82.11%. Compared with conventional extraction methods, ultrasonic extraction is time-saving, energy saving, and in the low temperature. Key words: Ultrasonic extraction, orthogonal experiment, Citrus grandis tomentosa, naringin.