Oriental language as an ideal object of linguistics

Abstract

Most of the categories and concepts of general linguistics were proposed during the analysis of the surface features of the typical inflected languages, so when applied to Oriental languages (isolative, agglutinative) they caused contradictions and disputes lasted for years. Explorations in non-inflected languages ontology, in the language essence: in the syntax, in the psycholinguistic processes, in the morphology etc. may help not only to enrich the general theory of linguistics, but even revise basic rules and statements which seem to be undeniable.For example, Chinese syntax is based on the Topic-Comment structures, and the advanced understanding of this point may be viewed as conceptual basis of the whole language theory; Chinese morphology is “positional”: lexical units may fill specific Positions, may “fluctuate” in the Range and, finally, “travel” along the Route, getting stylistically colored meanings. So called “word” is not the same as European one, it is just the unit which presents lexical level.