Organizational and Economic Justification for Super-Early and Early Harvesting of Grain Crops with Stripping Without Threshing for Highly Nutrient Feed Preparation

Abstract

Harvesting grain by stripping allows organizing separate harvesting for feed in the early stages and for food purposes in the phase of full ripeness. The aim of the study is the organizational and economic substantiation of the combined technology of stripping without threshing grain crops of the early stages of ripeness and the technology of preparing granulated fodder from an unmilled heap. The technical and economic assessment of the technology of harvesting winter wheat by stripping in the early stages of ripeness without threshing and processing it into fodder was carried out by comparing the operating and reduced costs for performing a set of technological operations. The cost of cleaning grain crops by stripping without threshing and separating the heap is 2.65 times lower than when using the technology of stripping with a combine threshing and separating the heap. The cost of performing operations on traditional (from grain) and new (from a grain heap) pelleted feed production technologies are practically equal. But the total cost of performing technological operations for harvesting grain by thrashing without threshing and preparing pelleted feed from an unmilled heap using the new technology is 24.3% lower than with the traditional technology of harvesting by stripping with threshing and preparing feed from grain. The use of the non-cereal part of the ear of early ripeness in the composition of the feed will increase the yield of raw materials from 1 hectare of the sown area by 20–30%. The proposed technology is cost-effective and promising for implementation in agricultural enterprises in the south of Russia.