Organic-inorganic hybrid nanomaterials for advanced light dependent resistors

Abstract

We report the photoconduction behaviour of hybrid organic (polypyrrole) - inorganic (ZnO) nanostructures, synthesized by the surfactant mediated solution based chemical method at room temperature, for the energy saving light dependent resistor (LDR) applications. The formation of organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructures is confirmed by the combination of high resolution transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, which revealed creation of cubical shaped wurtzite ZnO nanoparticles with different preferential orientations and transformation of clip-like nanofibres form of pure polypyrrole (PPy) into worm-like nanoribbons having embedded ZnO nanoparticles in it. Given p-type nature of PPy and n-type nature of ZnO, the embedment of ZnO nanoparticles in PPy is expected to create several localized discrete p-n junctions, which is why Raman spectroscopic results reveal the change in molecular structure of PPy due to its nanoscale interaction with ZnO. The photoresponse of PPy is found to continuously enhance from ∼4.5 to 10.7% with increase in ZnO concentration from 0 to 10% at the constant illumination intensity of 100 mW/cm2. The improved photoresponse can be attributed to the formation of localized p-n junctions (p-type PPy/n-type ZnO) in the structure. The photoresponse of PPy and its nanocomposites also increases with increase in illumination intensity from 30 to 100 mW/cm2, which is attributed to the increased number of photo-generated electron-hole pairs.