Ore-Bearing Magmatic Systems with Complex Sn–Au–Ag Mineralization in the North-Eastern Verkhoyansk–Kolyma Orogenic Belt, Russia

Vera A. Trunilina,Andrei V. Prokopiev

doi:10.3390/min11030266

Vera A. Trunilina, Andrei V. Prokopiev

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/min11030266

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Journal: Minerals	Publication Date: Mar 4, 2021
Citations: 3	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Diamond and Precious Metal Geology Institute

Abstract

This paper reports the results of a study of magmatic rocks with Sn–W–Au–Ag mineralization from the Kuranakh, Elikchan, and Istekh ore fields in the Northern batholith belt of the north-eastern Verkhoyansk–Kolyma orogenic belt in Eastern Russia. Using petrographic, mineralogical, geochemical, and isotopic methods, we determined the mineral compositions, petrochemistry, and geochemistry of magmatic rocks, the P–T conditions of their generation and crystallization, and their geodynamic affinity. The studied magmatic rocks have common geochemical characteristics that likely reflect the influence of fluids supplied from a long-lived, deep-seated mantle source. The ore fields are characterized by Sn–W–Au–Ag–Pb polygenetic mineralization. The magmatic and metallogenic evolution comprised five stages for the formation of magmatic rocks and ores. During the first stage (Berriasian–Barremian), arc-related magmatic rocks formed in an active continental margin setting and were associated with Au–Ag mineralization. The second, third, and fourth stages (Aptian–Campanian) took place in a crustal extension and rift setting, and were accompanied by Au–Ag and Sn–W mineralization. During the fifth (post-magmatic) stage, Sn–Ag–Sb and Pb–Ag mineralization occurred.

Highlights

In the northern Verkhoyansk–Kolyma orogenic belt (NE Asia), two major metallogenic belts are recognized: the Yana-Kolyma and North-Verkhoyansk
The rocks are characterized by the early magmatic paragenesis of high-Ca augite with sanidine and moderately ferruginous biotite, which indicates the high alkalinity of the melts, as well as by the presence of titanomagnetite among the accessory minerals with high SiO2, Al2 O3, and Cr2 O3 contents and solitary grains of Cr-bearing native iron. These features suggest that the rocks were most likely derived from a melt that originated from post-orogenic re-melting of lower-crustal substrata with the continued input of additional heat from a deep-seated source and, possibly, partial mixing of mafic and silicic melts
The relationships established between igneous rocks of varying compositions and the available geological data enabled the recognition of five stages in the magmatic and metallogenic evolution of the Kuranakh, Elikchan, and Istekh ore fields in the north-eastern Verkhoyansk–Kolyma orogenic belt, Eastern Russia

Summary

Introduction

In the northern Verkhoyansk–Kolyma orogenic belt (NE Asia), two major metallogenic belts are recognized: the Yana-Kolyma and North-Verkhoyansk. The largest high-tonnage Sn deposits are concentrated in the north-eastern part of the orogenic belt, including those of Deputatskoye, Churpunya, Polyarnoye, and Odinokoye (North-Verkhoyansk metallogenic belt). Many of these deposits have complex metallogenic characteristics, with Sn most commonly accompanied by W, Pb, Zn, Bi, Sb, and less commonly, Ag and Au. Many of these deposits have complex metallogenic characteristics, with Sn most commonly accompanied by W, Pb, Zn, Bi, Sb, and less commonly, Ag and Au Such deposits are known in Alaska, Erzgebirge (Germany), Spain, Kazakhstan, Australia, and Bolivia, where tin mineralization occurs in association with Au, W, Bi, As, and Sb [3]. Flerov [4] identified the following stanniferous formations in the Verkhoyansk–Kolyma orogenic belt: batholith-like granites with associated cassiterite–quartz, greisen and skarn deposits, as well as Sn-bearing pegmatite deposits; diorite–granodiorite–granites with cassiterite–silicate–sulphide and

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