Orchestrating a Symphony on a Single Conjugate: Aptamer Targeting, Gene Silencing, and Immunomodulation to Enhance Antitumor Response

Abstract

Over the past decade, immunotherapy has rapidly changed the landscape of medicine, especially oncology. Checkpoint inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies capable of deploying the body’s own immune functions against diseased cells have been heralded as a soon-to-be standard of care for cancer. The excitement around immunotherapy has been accompanied by impressive results, although some are tailored only to a limited number of patients and others are accompanied by substantial toxicity profiles.1 Therefore, there are still unmet needs within the field.